An warware: tazarar amincewar makirci matplotlib

Matplotlib babban ɗakin karatu ne mai ƙirƙira da ake amfani da shi a cikin yaren shirye-shiryen Python. Yana ba da API mai dacewa da abu don shigar da makirci cikin aikace-aikacen da ke amfani da kayan aikin GUI na gaba ɗaya kamar Tkinter, wxPython, ko Qt. Ɗaya daga cikin mahimman kayan aikin da Matplotlib ke bayarwa shine ikon ƙirƙirar makircin tazarar amincewa.

Tazarar amincewa, a matsayin kalmar ƙididdiga, tana nufin matakin tabbaci a hanyar samfur. Matsayin amincewa yana gaya muku yadda tabbacin za ku iya zama, an bayyana shi azaman kashi. Misali, matakin amincewa da kashi 99% yana nuna cewa kowane ƙididdigan yuwuwar ku yana iya zama daidai 99% na lokaci.

Ƙirƙirar Tazarar Tazarar Tattalin Arziƙi Ta Amfani da Matplotlib

Ƙirƙirar makircin tazarar amincewa a Matplotlib ya ƙunshi matakai da yawa. Bari mu shiga cikin bayanin madaidaicin lambar Python don cim ma waɗannan matakan:

Da farko, dole ne mu shigo da dakunan karatu masu mahimmanci:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
from scipy.stats import sem, t
from scipy import mean

Yanzu, za mu iya ƙididdige tazarar amincewa ta bin waɗannan matakan.

1. Ƙayyade saitin bayanan bazuwar wanda za mu lissafta tazarar amincewa.
2. Ƙididdige kuskuren ma'ana da daidaitattun bayanai.
3. Ƙayyade gefen kuskure don tazarar amincewa.
4. A ƙarshe, ƙididdige kewayon tazarar amincewa.

Anan ga lambar Python daidai da waɗannan matakan.

confidence = 0.95
data = np.random.rand(100)
n = len(data)
m = mean(data)
std_err = sem(data)
h = std_err * t.ppf((1 + confidence) / 2, n - 1)

start = m - h
end = m + h

Madaidaicin 'kwarin gwiwa' shine matakin amincewa da aka bayyana azaman kaso, kuma 'bayanai' ya ƙunshi bayanan bazuwar. Ana lissafta ma'ana da daidaitaccen kuskure ta hanyar 'ma'ana' da 'sem' aikin ɗakin karatu na SciPy bi da bi. An ƙayyade gefen kuskuren 'h' ta hanyar ninka daidaitaccen kuskure ta hanyar t-score, wanda muka samo daga t-rarraba ta amfani da aikin 'ppf'. A ƙarshe, muna ƙididdige kewayon tazarar amincewa.

Ƙirƙirar Tazarar Amincewa a Matplotlib

A cikin wannan sashin ƙarshe na lambar, muna amfani da Matplotlib don ganin tazarar amincewa.

plt.figure(figsize=(9,6))
plt.bar(np.arange(len(data)), data)
plt.fill_between(np.arange(len(data)), start, end, color='b', alpha=0.1)
plt.title('Confidence Interval')
plt.show()

Yana amfani da makircin mashaya don nuna bayanan da hanyar 'fill_between' don wakiltar tazarar amincewa. Aikin 'siffa' yana fara sabon adadi kuma aikin 'nuna' yana gabatar da makircin.

Ƙirƙirar makircin tazarar amincewa a cikin Matplotlib hanya ce mai dacewa don nazarin bayanan ku na gani, musamman ma bayanan da suka ƙunshi ƙididdigar ƙididdiga. Wannan kayan aiki mai ƙarfi yana bayarwa hanya mai sauƙi da fahimta don gabatar da hadaddun bayanai a cikin wani nau'i wanda za'a iya fassara shi cikin sauƙi, yana mai da shi kayan aiki mai mahimmanci ga kowane manazarcin bayanan python ko masanin kimiyya. Ta hanyar fahimtar yadda ake sarrafa da amfani da wannan, za mu iya sa tsarin fassarar bayanai ya fi dacewa kuma daidai.