An warware: java samun aji ta kirtani

A cikin duniyar shirye-shirye, magance matsalolin da kyau da inganci yana da mahimmanci ga kowane mai haɓakawa. Ɗayan irin wannan matsala da ke tasowa a cikin ci gaban Java shine samun aji ta sunan kirtani. Wannan labarin yana da nufin samar da cikakkiyar mafita ga wannan matsala tare da zurfafa cikin ɗakunan karatu da ayyukan da ke tattare da magance ta. Bari mu fara da fahimtar mahallin da wannan matsalar gabaɗaya ke faruwa.

Masu haɓaka Java sau da yawa suna fuskantar yanayi inda suke buƙatar aiki tare da azuzuwan waɗanda aka ba da sunayensu azaman kirtani. Mafi yawan amfani-harka shi ne lokacin ƙirƙirar misalan aji cikin kuzari yayin lokacin aiki. Sanin yadda ake aiki tare da kirtani da canza su zuwa aji shine fasaha mai mahimmanci ga kowane mai haɓaka aiki tare da Java.

Tunani Java

Don magance wannan matsala, Java yana ba da wani abu mai ƙarfi da ake kira Gani. Tunani yana ba da damar dubawa da hulɗa tare da azuzuwan, musaya, filaye, da hanyoyi a lokacin aiki. Yana baiwa masu haɓakawa damar ƙirƙirar misalan aji, kiran hanyoyin, samu ko saita ƙimar filayen, da ƙari - duk sun dogara ne akan ƙirar sunan ajin.

Samun Daraja ta Sunan Kiɗa

Yanzu bari mu binciko mafita ga matsalar samun class da sunan kirtani. Za mu yi amfani da Class.don Suna() Hanyar, wanda wani bangare ne na API Reflection na Java.

public class GetClassFromString {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            String className = "java.util.ArrayList";
            Class<?> clazz = Class.forName(className);
            System.out.println("Class: " + clazz.getName());
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

A cikin wannan misalin lambar, mun ƙirƙiri madaidaicin kirtani da ake kira Sunan aji kuma ya sanya shi darajar "java.util.ArrayList". Na gaba, muna amfani da Class.don Suna() hanya, wanda ke ɗaukar Sunan aji na kirtani azaman hujja. Wannan hanyar tana dawo da misalin ajin, wanda muke adanawa a cikin nau'in nau'in clazz Class. A ƙarshe, muna buga sunan ajin ta amfani da shi Samun Suna () Hanya.

• Class.don Suna() - yana loda ƙayyadaddun ajin kuma ya dawo da bayanin nau'in Class<?>. Wannan hanyar za ta jefa ClassNotFoundException idan ba a sami ajin ba.
• Class - Nau'in aji na geteric da aka yi amfani da shi don gudanar da tunani game da aji mai ɗorewa.
• Samun Suna () – ya dawo da cikakken sunan ajin a matsayin kirtani.

Ƙirƙirar Misalai da Amfani da Hanyoyin Aji

Yanzu da muka san yadda ake samun aji da sunan zaren sa, bari mu ga yadda ake ƙirƙirar misali na ajin da aka samu kuma mu yi hulɗa da hanyoyinsa da filayensa.

public class CreateInstanceFromString {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            String className = "java.util.ArrayList";
            Class<?> clazz = Class.forName(className);
            Object instance = clazz.getDeclaredConstructor().newInstance();
            Method addMethod = clazz.getMethod("add", Object.class);
            addMethod.invoke(instance, "Hello, world!");
            System.out.println("Instance: " + instance);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

A cikin wannan misali, mun fara samun aji kamar yadda kafin amfani Class.don Suna(). Na gaba, muna ƙirƙirar misali na ajin ta amfani da getDeclaredConstructor().newInstance(). Bayan haka, muna samun hanyar "ƙara" daga aji ta amfani da samun Hanyar() kuma yi amfani da shi a matsayin misali kira() hanya tare da kirtani a matsayin hujja. A ƙarshe, muna buga misalin don ganin sakamakon.

A ƙarshe, masu haɓaka Java sukan haɗu da yanayi inda suke buƙatar samun aji daga kirtani kuma suyi aiki tare da hanyoyinsa da filayen sa yayin lokacin aiki. Yin amfani da Tunani na Java, masu haɓakawa za su iya sarrafa waɗannan yanayi yadda ya kamata kuma su ƙirƙiri ƙarfi, lambar daidaitawa. Tare da ilimin Tunani da misalan lambar da aka bayar a cikin wannan labarin, zaku iya da gaba gaɗi magance matsalar samun aji ta sunan kirtani.